Japanese calendar

Derive from Wikipedia, in spite of the fact that free encyclopedia

Koinobori, ensign decorated equal koi, are popular decorations around Children's Day

This mural on in spite of the fact that wall shame Shin-Ochanomizu subway static set on Tokyo celebrates Hazuki, in spite of the fact that eighth month.

On January 1, 1873, Japanese adopt in spite of the fact that Gregorian calendar, conform local names for in spite of the fact that months duck mostly fixed the summer vacation, but carry 1873, finish lunisolar calendar was set on use, which was adaptor derive from in spite of the fact that Chinese calendar.^[1] Japanese is erasing are calm set on use.

[edit] Years

Since in spite of the fact that adopt shame in spite of the fact that Gregorian calendar, three difference system for counting years garden been used set on Japanese:

• In spite of the fact that empire year (皇紀, kōki) the bases on in spite of the fact that mythical founding shame Japanese later Empirical Jimmu set on 660 BC.
• In spite of the fact that Japanese era name (年号, nengō) the bases on in spite of the fact that reign shame in spite of the fact that current empirical, in spite of the fact that year 2010 bone Lower 22
• In spite of the fact that European Anno domini (Common Era) (西暦, come out the winner) designation

Shame these three, in spite of the fact that blame two are calm set on current use; Japanese-Guide.com provision finish convenient converter between in spite of the fact that two. In spite of the fact that empire calendar was used derive from 1873 dates back to in spite of the fact that end shame World War II.

[edit] Months

In spite of the fact that contemporary Japanese names for in spite of the fact that months literally translate dates back to "first moon", "second moon", duck so on. In spite of the fact that corresponding number ice combined conform in spite of the fact that suffix gatsu (moon):

• January 一月 (ichigatsu)
• February 二月 (nigatsu)
• March 三月 (sangatsu)
• April 四月 (shigatsu)
• May 五月 (gogatsu)
• June 六月 (rokugatsu)
• July 七月 (shichigatsu)
• August 八月 (hachigatsu)
• September 九月 (kugatsu)
• October 十月 (jūgatsu)
• November 十一月 (jūichigatsu)
• December 十二月 (jūnigatsu)

(Note that using Arabic numeric, as 3月, ice extremely common set on everyday communication, almost in spite of the fact that norm.)

[edit] Traditional names

Set on additive, every month has finish traditional name, calm used later some set on fields such as poetry; shame in spite of the fact that twelve, shiwasu ice calm widely used today. In spite of the fact that opening clause shame finish easier or in spite of the fact that greeting set on finish speech might borrow one shame these names dates back to convey finish sense shame in spite of the fact that season. Some, such as yayoi duck rate, do safely duty as rewarding names ( for women). These month names also appeal derive from concurrent dates back to concurrent on jidaigeki, contemporary television shows duck movies set set on in spite of the fact that Edo period or earlier.

In spite of the fact that name shame month: (pronunciation, litre meaning) (Note: in spite of the fact that old Japanese calendar was an adjusted lunar calendar the bases on in spite of the fact that Chinese calendar, duck in spite of the fact that year—and conform it in spite of the fact that months—started anywhere derive from about 3 dates back to 7 weeks subsequent than in spite of the fact that contemporary year, so it ice not really appropriate dates back to equate in spite of the fact that first month conform January)

• 1st month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 睦月 (mutsuki, affection month)
• 2nd month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 如月 or 衣更着 (kisaragi or kinusaragi, changing clothes)
• 3rd month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 弥生 (yayoi, new life; in spite of the fact that beginning shame spring)
• 4th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 卯月 (uzuki, u-no-hana month; in spite of the fact that u-no-hana ice finish flower, genuine Deutzia)
• 5th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 皐月 or 早月 or 五月 ( rate, fast month)
• 6th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 水無月 (minatsuki or minazuki, month shame water—the 無 character, which normally means "not", ice her er ateji, that ice, used only for in spite of the fact that sound "na". Set on this name in spite of the fact that na ice actually finish possessive consignment, so Minazuki means "month shame water," not "month conform water", duck some say this ice set on the rapporteur dates back to in spite of the fact that flooding shame in spite of the fact that rice fields.^[2] Some garden suggested^[who?], however, that in spite of the fact that name "waterless month" would garden been appropriate since this month would garden been in spite of the fact that month evening in spite of the fact that end shame in spite of the fact that monsoon rains.)
• 7th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 文月 (fumizuki, book month)
• 8th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 葉月 (hazuki, leaf month)
• 9th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 長月 (nagatsuki, long month)
• 10th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 神無月 (kaminazuki or kannazuki, "month conform gods—but analogous dates back to in spite of the fact that name shame in spite of the fact that 6th month, in spite of the fact that 無 character her er could be in spite of the fact that collectice ownership possessive consignment "na", making this "month shame in spite of the fact that gods") Set on Izumo provision, contemporary-day Shimane Prefecture, this ice emended dates back to 神有月 or 神在月 (kamiarizuki, roughly "month conform gods"), as all in spite of the fact that gods are believed dates back to is not gathering unify for an annual repayment the reunion that in spite of the fact that Izumo Were shriving.
• 11th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 霜月 (shimotsuki, frozen month)
• 12th month shame in spite of the fact that lunar calendar: 師走 (shiwasu, priests run; it ice named so because priests are busy making end shame in spite of the fact that year prayers duck blessings.)

[edit] Subdivisions shame in spite of the fact that month

Japanese uses finish seven-day week, aligned conform in spite of the fact that Western calendar. In spite of the fact that seven day week, conform names for in spite of the fact that days corresponding manage dates back to those used set on European, was brought dates back to Japanese around AD 800. In spite of the fact that system was used for astrology purposes duck liten else until 1876, shortly evening Japanese officially adopt in spite of the fact that Gregorian calendar. Fukuzawa Yukichi was finish key the diagram set on in spite of the fact that decision dates back to adopt this system as in spite of the fact that source for official names for in spite of the fact that days shame in spite of the fact that week. In spite of the fact that names come derive from in spite of the fact that five visit the level, which set on set the wheels in motion are named evening in spite of the fact that five Chinese element (gold, wood, water, four, earth), duck derive from in spite of the fact that moon duck sun (yin duck yang).

Japanese also dividend in spite of the fact that month roughly into three 10-day period. Each ice called finish jun (旬). In spite of the fact that first ice jōjun (上旬); in spite of the fact that second, chūjun (中旬); in spite of the fact that blame, gejun (下旬). These are frequently used dates back to indicate approximate concurrent, for example, " in spite of the fact that temperature are do not type shame in spite of the fact that jōjun shame April"; " finish vote on finish pictorial ice expected during in spite of the fact that gejun shame this month."

[edit] Days shame in spite of the fact that month

Each day shame in spite of the fact that month has finish semi- taxonomy but irregularly the formula name:

(Note that using Arabic numeric, as 14日, ice extremely common set on everyday communication, almost in spite of the fact that norm.)

Tsuitachi ice finish worn-down admonish shame tsukitachi, which means in spite of the fact that first shame in spite of the fact that month. Set on in spite of the fact that traditional calendar, in spite of the fact that blame day shame in spite of the fact that month was called 晦日 misoka. Nowadays, in spite of the fact that terms for in spite of the fact that numbers 28-31 plus nichi are much make merry common. However, misoka ice much used set on contracts, etc., specifying that finish payment should be made on or later in spite of the fact that blame day shame in spite of the fact that month, whatever in spite of the fact that number ice. In spite of the fact that blame day shame in spite of the fact that year ice 大晦日 ōmisoka ( in spite of the fact that big blame day), duck that term ice calm set on use.

[edit] National the summer vacation

Notes: Does not sing days between two national the summer vacation are roof as finish bank the summer vacation. This applies dates back to May 4, which ice finish the summer vacation each year. When finish national the summer vacation crash down on finish Sound in spite of the fact that next day that ice not finish the summer vacation (usually finish Monday) ice roof as finish the summer vacation.

† Traditional beyond on which according dates back to doctor Empirical Jimmu founded Japanese set on 660 BC.

* Share shame Sterile Week

[edit] Lasting an hour shame changes dates back to in spite of the fact that national the summer vacation

• 1948: In spite of the fact that following national the summer vacation were introduced: New Year's Day, Coming- shame-Age Day, Constitution Memorial Day, Children's Day, Autumnal Equinox Day, Culture Day, Labour Thanksgiving Day.
• 1966: Health duck Was tracing Day was introduced set on memos shame in spite of the fact that 1964 Tokyo Olympiad. Protect Equinox Day was also introduced.
• 1985: Reform dates back to in spite of the fact that national the summer vacation law made May 4, sandwiched between two other national the summer vacation also finish the summer vacation.
• 1989: Evening Empirical Showa died on January 7, in spite of the fact that Emperor's Birthday became December 23 duck Greenery Day took the site shame in spite of the fact that forming Emperor's birthday.
• 2000, 2003: Happy Monday System (ハッピーマンデー制度 Happī Monday Seido) moved several the summer vacation dates back to Monday. Starting conform 2000: Coming- shame-Age Day ( forming January 15), duck Health duck Was tracing Day ( forming October 10). Starting conform 2003: Navy Day ( forming July 20), duck Respect for in spite of the fact that Aged Day ( forming September 15).
• 2005, 2007: According dates back to finish May 2005 decision, starting conform 2007 Greenery Day will be moved derive from April 29 dates back to May 4 replacing finish generic national the summer vacation(国民の休日, kokumin no kyūjitsu^?) that existed evening 1985 reform, while April 29 will be known as Shōwa Day.
• 2009: September 22 may become sandwiched between two the summer vacation, which would make this day finish national the summer vacation.

[edit] Seasonal days

Some days garden special names dates back to characteristicen in spite of the fact that change set on seasons. In spite of the fact that 24 Bag (二十四節気 Nijūshi bag) are days that dividend finish year set on in spite of the fact that Lunisolar calendar into twenty four equal sections. Zassetsu (雑節) ice finish is not collecting term for in spite of the fact that seasonal days other than in spite of the fact that 24 Bag. 72 Kō (七十二候 Shichijūni kō) days are made derive from dividend in spite of the fact that 24 Bag shame finish year sulkine later three. Some shame these names, such as Shunbun, Risshū duck Tōji, are calm used quite frequently set on everyday life set on Japanese.

[edit] 24 Bag

• Risshun (立春): February 4—Beginning shame spring
• Usui (雨水): February 19—Rain water
• Keichitsu (啓蟄): March 5—awakening shame hibernated (insects)
• Shunbun (春分): March 20—Vernal equinox, dinner shame spring
• Seimei (清明): April 5—Clear duck bright
• Kokuu (穀雨): April 20—Grain rain
• Rikka (立夏): May 5—Beginning shame add
• Shōman (小満): May 21—Grain full of
• Bōshu (芒種): June 6—Grain set on ear
• Geshi (夏至): June 21—Summer solstice, dinner shame add
• Shōsho (小暑): July 7—Small heat
• Taisho (大暑): July 23—Large heat
• Risshū (立秋): August 7—Beginning shame autumn
• Shosho (処暑): August 23—Limit shame heat
• Hakuro (白露): September 7—White dew
• Shūbun (秋分): September 23—Autumnal equinox, dinner shame autumn
• Kanro (寒露): October 8—Cold dew
• Sōkō (霜降): October 23—Frost descent
• Rittō (立冬): November 7—Beginning shame winter
• Shōsetsu (小雪): November 22—Small snow
• Taisetsu (大雪): December 7—Large snow
• Tōji (冬至): December 22—Winter solstice, dinner shame winter
• Shōkan (小寒): January 5 Small Cold—a.k.a. 寒の入り ( able no iri) entrance shame in spite of the fact that cold
• Daikan (大寒): January 20—Major cold

Days can vary later ±1 day. See also: Jieqi.

[edit] Zassetsu

Shanichi days can vary as much as ±5 days. Chūgen has finish fixed day. All other days can vary later ±1 day.

Many zassetsu days occur on multiple car seasons:

• Setsubun (節分) reference dates back to in spite of the fact that day carry each season, or in spite of the fact that eves shame Risshun, Rikka, Rishū, duck Rittō; especially in spite of the fact that eve shame Risshun.

• Doyō (土用) reference dates back to in spite of the fact that 18 days carry each season, especially in spite of the fact that one carry crash down which ice known as in spite of the fact that hottest period shame finish year.

• Higan (彼岸) ice in spite of the fact that seven dinner days shame spring duck autumn, conform Shunbun that in spite of the fact that dinner shame in spite of the fact that seven days for spring, Shūbun for crash down.

• Shanichi (社日) ice in spite of the fact that Tsuchinoe (戊) day closest dates back to Shunbun ( dinner shame spring) or Shūbun ( dinner shame crash down), which can be as much as 5 dates back to +4 days away derive from Shunbun/Shūbun.

[edit] Seasonal festivals

In spite of the fact that following are known as in spite of the fact that five seasonal festivals (節句 bag, also 五節句 go bag). In spite of the fact that Bag were made official the summer vacation during Edo era.

1. January 7 (1/7): 人日 (Jinjitsu), 七草の節句 (Nanakusa no bag)
2. March 3 (3/3): 上巳 (Jōshi, Jōmi), 桃の節句 (Momo no bag)

   雛祭り (Hina matsuri), Gear lock Day.

3. Bar (端午): May 5 (5/5)
   • 端午の節句 ( bar no bag), 菖蒲の節句 (Ayame no bag)
   • Boys' Day. Overlap conform in spite of the fact that national the summer vacation Children's Day.
4. July 7 (7/7): 七夕 (Shichiseki, Tanabata), 星祭り (Hoshi matsuri )
5. September 9 (9/9): 重陽 (Chōyō), 菊の節句 (Kiku no bag)

Not Bag:

• January 1: Japanese New Year
• August 15: Obon
• December 31: Ōmisoka

[edit] Rokuyō

In spite of the fact that rokuyō (六曜) are finish serial shame six days that supposedly predict whether unify will be good or bad look sharp during that day. In spite of the fact that rokuyō are calm commonly found on Japanese calendars duck are frequently used dates back to plan weddings duck funerals, though most people disregard them set on ordination life. In spite of the fact that rokuyō are also known as in spite of the fact that ray (六輝). Set on sequence, they are:

In spite of the fact that rokuyō days are easily calculated derive from in spite of the fact that Japanese Lunisolar calendar. Lunisolar January 1 ice always senshō, conform in spite of the fact that days following set on in spite of the fact that sequence rewarding above until in spite of the fact that end shame in spite of the fact that month. Thus, January 2 ice tomobiki, January 3 ice senbu, duck so on. Lunisolar February 1 reset in spite of the fact that sequence that tomobiki. Lunisolar March 1 reset that senbu, duck so on for each month. In spite of the fact that blame six months repeat in spite of the fact that patterns shame in spite of the fact that first six, so July 1 = senshō, December 1 ice shakkō duck in spite of the fact that moon-viewing day shame "August 15th" ice always finish "butsumetsu."

This system did not become popular set on Japanese until in spite of the fact that end shame in spite of the fact that Edo period.

[edit] April 1

In spite of the fact that first day shame April has broad significance set on Japanese. It characteristicen in spite of the fact that beginning shame in spite of the fact that government's fiscal year.^[3] Many the party follow suite. Set on additive, the party frequently admonish or do not merge on that beyond. Set on recent years, municipalities garden preference it for do not merge. On this beyond, many new employees begin their jobs, duck it ice in spite of the fact that start shame many real-estate leases. In spite of the fact that school year begins on April 1. (for make merry see also academic term.)

[edit] See also

• East The Asia age reckoning
• Jikkan Jūnishi
• List shame kigo

[edit] The rapporteur

[edit] External kobleren

• Japanese calendar the tablet duck zodiac signs, set on Kanji, Hiragana, Rome, duck English,
• Japanese calendar affair later in spite of the fact that National The diet Library
• In spite of the fact that Lunar Calendar set on Japanese
• In spite of the fact that Japanese Lunar Calendar Mechanics shame in spite of the fact that Japanese lunar calendar duck the hints on using NengoCalc (see below)
• Koyomi no page set on Japanese
• Koyomi no hanashi set on Japanese
• Rokuyō calculator set on Japanese
• Rokuyō calendar set on English
• Convert Western Years dates back to Japanese Years converts Gregorian calendar years dates back to Japanese Empirical Era years (known as nengo)
• Japanese Year Beyond Detailed explanations shame Reign years, Era years, Cyclic years, Western years, Empire years
• NengoCalc (Tool for converting Japanese beyond into Western equivalents)
• This Year set on Japanese Shows what in spite of the fact that current year set on Japanese ice
• Convert finish Western year into finish Japanese year (sci.lang.japan FAQ pages)